How is the nail fungus

Each third person on Earth came across a problem such as nail stratification and shrinking, cloudy plate - this is onicomycosis.The disease affects various age groups.The nail fungus on the legs (the photos are presented below), spreads quickly and adapts to new conditions.

We will consider in more detail the main factors of the occurrence, types and methods of treatment of fungal at home.

Classification

The causative agents of this disease are saprophites, mold fungi, Candida and other pathogenic microorganisms.

The main types of pathogens of the disease:

1. Epiderrnophyton Flocosum.Anthropophilical fungus, which affects the petty layer of the epidermis.After skin infection, pink peeling points with vague edges characteristic begin to appear.It is transmitted with tactile contact or through household items.
2. Trichophyton Rubrum and Trichophyton Mentagrophytes.These are two mushrooms similar to yeasts of the genus trichophytons.They have a toxic effect, they are able to stay in a state of sleep for a long time and after exposure to negative factors to be activated.The first signs of the disease are anxious between the fingers and an unpleasant odor, a rash and peeling later appear.The color of the integument can remain unchanged.

Mycologists distinguish four varieties of ringworm, which can be caused by various foot fungi:

1. The deleted shape is the easiest.It is characterized by insignificant itching between the fingers and the peeled light of the skin.The reason is Saprofit Candida.Its incubation period is 2 weeks.Most of the time, patients simply do not notice the signs of infection and are the distributors of the fungus.Even in the absence of treatment, the disease goes through itself.
2. Squamina -Hiperkeratotic.The advanced shape of this foot fungus can cause deep cracking and damage to the leg tissues to the ankle.It is noteworthy that at the early stage of the disease, there are no external manifestations.The sole does not scratch and does not hurt, occasionally small cracks arise;
3. Intriginous or interpassum - the most common.Most of the time, primary injury begins with the thumb and indicator fold and then spreading around the foot.Possible causes of occurrence are contact with an infected person (surface), injuries and non -compliance with personal hygiene rules;
4. Dyshydrotic or vesicular form - ringworm, which causes appearance in the epidermis of rashes and local erosions.It is transmitted exclusively from the patient and is extremely diagnosed on the skin of the legs.It is believed that this fungus loves brushes and clapping more.In the absence of proper treatment due to the effects of pathogenic microorganisms, mycotic eczema occurs.

Over time, fungal lesions progress, although this happens extremely slowly.Sometimes people live with fungi for decades and begin to worry only when the nail comes out completely, the painful sensations appear.There are several stages in total.

1. The early stage.The fungal infection is just beginning to destroy the nail, its color changes, transparency disappears.
2. The appearance of hyperkeratosis.This phenomenon, when with mycosis, the nail begins to thicken, becomes very dense, sometimes it grows strongly.At the end of this stage, the nail plate is loose, sometimes its upper layers can simply scrape the finger.
3. In the next stage, the fungal infection moves under the nail.The cuticle is separated from the nail plate, the nail roll can blush, swell and be inflamed.
4. Race stage.The nail is atrophied, it changes completely in color.At this stage, the nail plate usually departs or completely destroys.

It is advisable to suspect that nail fungus in the early stages, in an advanced way, is difficult and treated for a long time, sometimes it is necessary to completely remove the nail plate.Do not perform ringworm. 

Symptoms

Onychomycosis usually affects nails on the legs, the hands suffer less often.The disease begins with the thumb and a little finger (the outer edge is touched), gently affecting all the plates.

The main symptoms of onychomycosis will help determine fungal infection (see photo):

• the appearance of strips and stains of a whitish or greenish tone under nails;
• Cloudy of the plate, a change in its color (from yellow to dark brown);
• redness and peeling of the skin around the nail;
• the appearance of roughness in the feet and between the fingers;
• The formation of mold in nails.

To know how to recognize the disease at the early stage, you can see the main manifestations of nail fungus in the photo.This will understand at least how the development of the infection begins and, in the case of similar signs, consult a doctor.

How is the fungus in the photo

In any case, the initial leg inspection is performed independently.In order not to confuse the fungus with possible callus or common mechanical damage to the foot, we recommend that you study the photos of nail fungus at the early stage.

Diagnosis

There are more than 50 fungal subspecies that cause onychomycosis so that you can accurately determine species only under laboratory conditions.Preliminary diagnosis at home is possible from the second stage when symptoms appear.

1. It is necessary to inspect nail plates to determine the location of a fungal infection.
2. The next criterion is the way to alter nail thickness, the presence of peeling scales and shrinkage.
3. The determining factor may be the color of the outbreaks of the infection.
4. It is necessary to evaluate the condition of the skin and hair at the time of detection of onicomycosis: many fungi affect them first and then move to nail plates.

In some cases, pathogen is various types of fungal infection.Possible combinations of dermatophytes with yeast fungi or molds with candidates are possible.

Treatment of nail fungus at the early stage

In the case of such a disease, three treatment options are possible, it all depends on the stage at which the fungus is located.So that is:

• use of local medicines;
• use of oral drugs;
• Combined therapy.

1. Local medications are represented by various ointments, gels, suspensions, emulsions and other types of external medications.They act only on the injury and do not penetrate the blood.They are mainly used in the early stages of dermatomycosis development or with a small focus of infection.Treatment, as a rule, is from one week to several months, depending on the negligence of the injury.
2. Peri -daught medications are taken inside and affect the pathogen from the interior of the body.They have side effects and affect not only the affected area but also the body as a whole.In some cases, there is sufficient single use, sometimes a treatment course is required.They are used for serious injuries and advanced stages of fungal diseases.
3. Combined therapy is used more often.The action of external drugs reduces the intensity of symptoms, accelerates the healing of damaged areas and the compresses act from within the pathogen.

With any treatment option, the course of therapy cannot be interrupted.The drug use diagram and the duration is determined by the doctor.As a rule, treatment continues after the disappearance of symptoms and external manifestations of microes for several days (up to one week).

Varnishes and ointments against the fungus

If nail fungus is not neglected, but it is in the early stage, you should try to use varnishes and ointments that help smooth out the affected area.In this case, the fungus spores die under the influence of the drug.

For nail treatment, select a type of medicine.It is not recommended to switch, change funds, these manipulations will lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of therapeutic effects.Before you start use, read against -indications.Pregnant women and people suffering from individual intolerance to use antifungal varnishes for treatment.

Before applying varnish or ointment, it should be removed as much as possible with a nail fungus area using a special file that comes with the medicine.With a degree of nail by aquatic alcohol solution, a varnish layer is applied, which should be changed every few days.Before the procedure, you can take a soapy bath.The varnish is removed in the same way as decorative, using organic solvents. 

Traditional medicine

Nail ringworm at the early stage can also be treated with domestic methods.Popular remedies are good assistants in the complex therapy of the disease.

1. Sea salt.This tool is best combined with conservative treatment methods.Marine salt baths - Recommended preparatory procedure before applying local funds.You need to have a teaspoon of salt for a small amount of hot water, keep your legs for about 15 to 20 minutes.
2. The baths of a decoction of vertical branches are used 3 times a week.To prepare, collect young sprouts, finely chop, take 500 gr.Matters -and pour 2 liters of water.Boil, reduce the fire and support for 10 minutes.After cooling the decoction, strain and keep your legs for 20 minutes.
3. Tea tree oil.Wounded nails should be lubricated before bedtime, bandaged and out of night.In the morning, remove the bandages, clean the keratinized layer nail and grot again the tea tree oil, but no longer wrap it.It is important to continue treatment until a healthy nail starts to grow.
4. Acetic baths.In 2 liters of hot water (37 degrees), dilutes 5 tablespoons.l.9%vinegar.The legs should be climbed into such a solution for at least half an hour.Then wipe the softened and keratinized layer of the nail with a file and treat the affected areas on the feet and between fingers with a stone -POMA.After this handling, it is recommended to apply an antifungal cream or solution.The procedures do regularly (1-2 times a day) within a month.
5. Celandine.This plant has long been used against nail and skin diseases.It is necessary to deal with carefully due to the active effect of "cauterization".The juice, decoctions and oils cut based on this plant are used against the fungus.

Laser therapy

Laser therapy is one of the latest methods of nail fungus treatment, especially in later stages.This method is an alternative to surgical removal, after a long period of recovery follows.With laser treatment, healthy tissues are untouched during the procedure that the patient does not experience pain and other unpleasant sensations.

Laser treatment cons: High price, among the procedures needed to take breaks, only one qualified dermatologist can conduct them.Regardless of the selected therapy method, it is necessary to follow all the rules of personal hygiene.Nail fungus can be repeated, treatment will not be effective if this is not done.

In the treatment of nail fungus on the legs, you need to perform hygiene procedures regularly, usually change socks, ventilate shoes after socks.The same rules should be followed so that nail ringworm does not occur again after treatment. 

Prevention

Obviously, it is better to alert the fungus than to combat its consequences for a long time.

How to protect yourself from the fungus:

1. In the first signs of the fungus (itching, redness, peeling), you need to lubricate your feet abundantly with a special antibacterial ointment and moisturize the skin with the effect;
2. Before each pool visit, sauna, gym or other place where you need to take off, it is important to treat the skin with protective cream;
3. Process shoes regularly, wash them if possible and dry in the fresh air.It is not necessary to use special compositions for this.Most products can be swept inside with alcohol or other antibacterial solutions.

To strengthen the skin and provide local immunity, a recipe for an onion -based preventive mixture is appropriate.A onion is rubbed with two tablespoons of honey.The resulting mass is applied to the skin of the feet and palm trees.It is advisable to support the mask for 30 minutes.Repeat every day.